The Presence of Life Attractions Abroad and Their Role in MigrationAssistant Professor (Probationary

Abstract

This study investigates the attraction factors associated with living abroad and their influence on migration decisions among Afghan citizens. A quantitative, descriptive-survey design was employed for the research. Data were collected using an online questionnaire (via Google Forms), administered to a sample of 90 participants, 45 residing within Afghanistan and 45 living abroad, selected based on the Schumacher and Lomax sampling formula.

The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software, applying frequency distribution techniques. The findings highlight that several push factors in Afghanistan, such as unemployment, poverty, limited access to education, gender inequality, and the lack of physical and psychological security, play a significant role in encouraging individuals to migrate. Simultaneously, various pull factors in destination countries, such as employment opportunities, prospects for personal and professional development, affordable higher education, gender equality, improved living standards, and well-established legal systems, serve as strong motivations for migration.

Based on these findings, the study offers practical recommendations aimed at reducing migration by addressing the underlying causes and improving socioeconomic and institutional conditions within Afghanistan.